Database migrations in Django are managed using the `makemigrations` and `migrate` commands, which help apply changes to the database schema while preserving data integrity.

Managing database migrations in Django is an essential part of maintaining the application's data model as it evolves. Django provides a robust migration framework that allows developers to apply changes to the database schema systematically while ensuring data integrity. The process begins with defining changes to models in the application's codebase. When changes are made, developers use the makemigrations command to create migration files that describe the changes to the models. These migration files serve as a blueprint for altering the database schema. After creating the migration files, developers can apply these changes to the database using the migrate command. This command executes the migration files in order, ensuring that each change is applied correctly. Django’s migration system keeps track of applied migrations, allowing developers to revert changes if necessary. Additionally, Django supports custom migrations, allowing for complex changes that may require specific SQL commands or additional logic. By using Django’s migration framework, developers can efficiently manage database changes, reduce the risk of errors, and maintain data integrity throughout the development lifecycle.